BFI AS Study Day
2017
Uses and
Gratifications Theory - what attracts national and international audiences to a
British film?Bridget Jones's Baby
Star Wars
High Rise
I, Daniel Blake
Class structure of
this country
Social
RealismQuintissential 'Britishness' - tea and crumpets. Americans love this.
Adaptations of famous books - Sense & Sensibility - films are franchises with a pre-built international audiences
Arthouse
Multiplex
Prestige
Exchange - what the consumer gives and what they get in return
Traditional cinema model is consumer ays money for cinema ticket, dvd, dowload, etc. Get the cinema experience.
Information/education - how other British people live, issues affecting UK - I Daniel Blake
Information/education - The Queen more successful in America than was in UK.
Social Interaction - crowd pleasers (Harry Potter)
Small, independent
cinemas
Low budget,
foreign, speciality cinemaLarge, part of a chain - Odeon, Cineplex, often part of a shopping mall, blockbusters and mainstream or Oscar nominated such as 12 Years A Slave
'Prestige' cinema -
award nominations
Serious topics,
non-Hollywood genre, big actor in low budget/eccentric production, e.g. Under
The Skin starring Scarlett Johansen
British
Sub-Genres
Franchise - Bond,
Potter, Star Wars, Dark Knight
Special effects in
Rogue One were done in London
Costume Dramas
'Heritage' cinema like The king's Speech
Social realism,
e.g. Kes, Fish Tank, The Selfish Giant, I, Daniel Blake
Horror, e.g.
Hammer, Hellraiser, 28 Days Later, Woman in Black
'Urban Fairytale'
romcom e.g. Love Actually, Bridget Jones' Baby
What audience
pleasures are provided by these films?
Franchise: Bond and
beyondOffers similar pleasures to other blockbuster film franchises
Familiar characters and situations
Stereotypes of 'Britishness'
Patriotic pride for UK audiences
Fulfils
expectations of international audiences, too
Spectre
$135,446,386 Box Office
Star Wars: The
Force Awakens over $176,000,000
Popularity inspired
two other 2015 movies : The Man from UNCLE and Kingsman: The Secret Service
sequel due for release in June
Kingsman
$24,160,744 Box Offie - Colin Firth & Samuel L Jackson - Crossover film -
high budget action movie with very cool effects and mainstream appeal in Bond
mould, played up by trailer. International audience might like it - rags to
riches story where character starts in poverty but through skill, talent and
tenacity make it big; universal appeal
'Heritage'
film
Nostalgic,
rose-tinted view of British history.
UK film used to
reinforce patriotism for domestic audience.
UK film used as
tourist marketing strategy for foreign audiences.
Presents the past
as a 'spectacle' - 'museum aesthetic' where the past is displayed for visual
pleasure.
Films "half in love
with fancy frocks and immaculate cutlery" e.e. Mise-en-scene becomes more
significant than narrative or characters.
The past, and our
relationship with it, is not questioned or criticised.
Example - Love
& Friendship - based on Jane Austen's Lady Susan, Stephen Fry, Kate
Beckinsale star - Crossover film targeting older audience, Oscar nomination and
Bafta winner. Hybrid genre - 'Heritage' movie but also very witty and funny,
quite'modern' issues; international audience would enjoy stereotypical English
history, a form of escapism for many audiences.
Social Realism - I,
Daniel Blake
Opposite of
Heritage cinema, critical of British life, not reinforcing patriotic values
(Trainspotting - It's shite to be Scottish), unflinching
reality
Damian Gree,
secretary for Work and Pensions, criticised the film - touched a
nerve
Shocking eamination
of dark side of human behaviour: explicit sex, violence,
drugs.
Deals with social
problems - drugs, poverty, child abuse, unemplyment - explicitly but with
complexity
Often focuses on
working or underclass characters
Winner of Cannes
Festival Palme D Or.
'An immediate
classic' The Times
Horror - The Girl
With All The Gifts
Tradition of
'gothic' - back to Shelley and Stoker
Hammer films in
1960s and 70s, offered 'costume' dramas with added sex and
violence
Rivalled US horror
which had stricter censorship
Modern British
horror often aims to make something more intelligent or morally complex than US
horror (which often signed up to the Hays Code which avoided anything too
shocking)
Fans often want
something a little bit more intelligent, original and
thought-provoking
Described as 'the
best zombie film ever' also won Palme D'Or at Cannes.
Urban Fairytale
Romcom - Bridget Jones' Baby
Often made by
Working Title - brand, Richard Curtis director
Typical love story
conventonns: mismatched couple who don't immediately get on, obstacles to
relationship that are overcome, close knit group of friends
Set in contemporary
London or other recognisable locations - lots of tourist landmarks; middle class
neighbourhoods; 'sanitised' version of urban life
Vertigo
Formed 2002
To produce The Football Factory and It's All Gone Pete Tong
Two subculture movies; one about football hooliganism and the other about Ibiza rave DJs
Allan Niblo, had previously produced Human Traffic, also about rave subculture.
Easy to market to football or rave fans, but also universal themes of violence, hedonism, etc
Today vertigo wants to make 'commercially sustainable independent films'
Mission statement
to identify new talent
Ensure films are
distributed
Gareth Edwards,
director of Monsters (2008) with budget of $500,000
Domestic box office
£237,301International box office %5,402,429
Incredibly commercially successful film
Edwards' next film Godzilla had $160m budget, then Rogue One $200m.
Vertigo released Monsters 2 in 2015 then Kill Command in 2016
Sales and
distribution: Protagonist (in association with Channel 4) - really good
collaborations with distribution copanies, all Vertigo films shown on Channel
4
'Ancillary' sales -
DVD, pay-per-view, TV - as relevant as theatrical box office - Vertigo has films
on Netflix, too
The Football
Factory is still biggest-selling independent DVDAnyone can make a film and distribute it on the internet
Yet ensuring films reach audience rmeans "a Hurculean effort"
So Vertigo doesnt produce presige' films or limited to genres and audience - instead to a range of products.
'Lad'thrillers: The Business, Outlaws
Horror: The
Children, The Facility, Kill Command
Family-friendly:
Horrid Henry, Moomins on the RivieraEccentric indie: In Search of a mIdnight Kiss, Safety Not Guaranteed
Cross-media Synergy
- teamed up with SyCo Simon Cowell's production company, developing BGT winners
such as Streetdance 3D - $6,700,000 budget most expensive Vertigo production to
date, but UK no 1 in first week and global total of over $17m - extremely
successful - British audience loved the setting, BGT link, relatable characters;
international audience also - trailer had lots of shots of the Gerkin, London
Eye, tourist attractions; soundtrack very popular music Pixie Lott, Cheryl Cole.
Similar to Step Up. Lots of universal themes.
Warp
Films
Founded
2001Off-shoot of successful electronic music record label
"Bedroom producer ethos" - challenging and experimental music
Distribution network already established with record shops and DJs
First ever 'DVD single' - Chris Morris short film, won a BAFTA
Unlike Vertigo, very clear brand
Northern English (first office in Sheffield). THis Is England
"Distinctive auteur filmmaking with a market" - Shane Meadows very distinctive directorial style that also sells
"Artist-driven content": profit participation scheme where cast and crew get share of profit - quiet socialist way of making films
Crossover between arthouse and multiplex
Aphex Twin: "Come To Daddy"
"Punk rock" attitude to filmmaking - CEO Mark Herbert
Won several awards (see trailer)
Music video like short film
Calling cards for new directors
Used to raise funding - proof of skill and 'distinctive vision'
Off-shoot Warp X works with FilmFour and Screen Yorkshire - plafrorm for distribution
£400,000 to £800,000 budgets
Main aim is to reinforce brand identity rather than make profit.
Shane Meadows also making This Is England epic TV series
Producer Robin
Gutch - interview
Job is to start off
the production of the film, first in and last out. Develop idea, script, get
money, director, post production, delivery and afterlife of the film, approve
marketing, look at how film is performing, deal with press, after main festival
premiere then involvement pretty low. Fundamentally it's the people who make the
film happen!
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